Friday, February 28, 2014

R#4 :EXPLICIT / IMPLICIT RELATIONSHIPS WITHIN AND BETWEEN SENTENCES

ADDITION                again, also, and, besides, finally, further, last, moreover,equally important, furthermore, in addition, likewise

CLARIFICATION      as a matter of fact, clearly, evidently, in fact, too, obviously, in other words, of course

COMPARISON         also, likewise, in like manner, similarly, both/and 

CONTRAST              after all, although, conversely, at the same time, however, but, for all that, still, in spite of, yet, nevertheless, in contrast, on the                              contrary, on the one hand, on the other hand, notwithstanding

EXEMPLIFICATION or EXAMPLE   for example, for instance, that is, thus, including

LOCATION or SPATIAL ORDER above, adjacent to, below, beyond, close by, elsewhere, inside, nearby, next to, opposite, within, without

CAUSE / EFFECT or CONDITION / CONCLUSION  accordingly, as a result, because, then, hence, in short, consequently, 
thus, therefore

SUMMARY            in brief, in conclusion, in short, to sum up, on the whole, to summarize

TIME                      after, after a short time, afterward, before, dur ing, of late, at last, at that time, immediately, formerly, while, presently, since, shortly, now, thereupon, until, temporarily

Friday, November 29, 2013

R#2: Vocabulary

1) Ceaselessly :endlessly
eg: You inspired me ceaselessly
2) Conspicuous : easy to notice; obvious;attracting special attention
eg: a conspicuous error
     You are conspicuous by your pretty smile
3) Inclined : tendency;bend
eg: She's inclined to gossip with complete strangers.
      He inclined his head in agreement
4) Invincible : insuperable,incapable to defeat
eg: an invincible warrior
5) Merely : only as specified and nothing more;obsolete;simply;just
eg: merely a matter of time
6) Monotony : lack of variety;dullness;sameness
eg: We don't like to live within the framework of monotony.
7) Adrift : aimless;rootless;directionless
eg: It's easy for anyone to keep life adrift without aims.
8) Mire :area of wet;muddy ground;difficult situations
eg: We have to drag our self out of this mire in life and now we must win.
9) Sake : cause;purpose;benefit
eg: for the sake of our parents;
      for God's sake -used to express impatience
10) Preoccupied : already taken;unavailable;busy
eg: we so preoccupied with working, for the sake of wealth

R#1 : Best Practices - Some fused spoken pronunciations

In informal and popular English (particularly in American English and in pop songs), the
combination of have or the abbreviation 've and the preposition to may be fused with some
preceding verbs to produce spoken forms which are transcribed into print by writers as:

coulda = could have
woulda = would have
shoulda = should have
musta = must have
oughta = ought to (or oughter - BrE)
gonna = going to
gotta = got to 
wanna = want to 
gimme = give me 

Note: The pronoun you, is very commonly pronounced as yuh [ya]. It is sometimes written as ya.
Further Examples for Study

 1. 'Yes sir, she had a small throat, anybody coulda [=could have] reached around it ...'
 2. I coulda kissed him.
 3. I woulda done it for you.
 4. *I'da done it for you.
 5. You oughta be more careful.
 6. 'And you oughter see the place! Not worth five-and-twenty shillings.' 
 7. You oughter be ashamed of yourself.
 8. I've gotta leave now.
 9. I'm gonna fix that bully!
10. 'We're gonna miss you, boy,' I said.'
11. 'So ... you gonna tell me what he wanted?'
12. 'How long I gotta sit here chained up ...?' 
13. 'Well, you wanna know something?' 
14. 'Hey,' Stradlater said. Wanna do me a big favor?' [=Do you want to ...]
15. Willie put out his hand and laid it on the flask, 'Gimme that thing,' he said. 

Thursday, November 28, 2013

R#1 : Proverbs

1. A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.
2. A drowning man clutches at a straw.
3. A little learning is a dangerous thing.
4. A nod's as good as a wink to a blind horse.
5. A thing of beauty is a joy forever.
6. Absence makes the heart grow fonder.
7. Accidents will happen.
8. Actions speak louder than words.
9. All good things must come to an end.
10. All roads lead to Rome.